皆様RaspberryPi（ラズペリーパイ）というものをご存じでしょうか。
簡単に紹介するとタバコサイズぐらいの小さなコンピュータ（パソコン）です。
他のコンピューターに比べて、比較的小さく、消費電力が少なく、外部端子が豊富なのでハードウェア、電子工作にもってこいのコンピューターになります。しかも、お値段が10,000円～からとお手軽なので（raspberry pi zero, pico を除く）入門には最適な代物となっております。
私もRaspberry Piを仕事、プライベートで何年か触ってきているので、できることなどを紹介出来たらなと思います。
電子工作
Raspberry Pi の基盤にはGPIOピンが搭載されています。
GPIOはGeneral Purpose Input/Outputの頭文字を取ったもので、日本語で「汎用入出力」と訳されます。このGPIOピンを介すことによって、デジタル信号を受け取ったり、逆に出力したりと出来ます。
出力の例ですと、LEDをこのピンにつなげることによってRaspberry Piで「点灯しろ」という信号を送ることによって光らせることができます。
逆に入力の例ですと、温度センサーをこのピンにつなげることによって、Raspberry Piに温度情報を送信することができます。少し手を加えれば受け取った温度情報をプログラムを介してLINEに通知など幅広いことができるようになります。
センサーにもさまざま種類があると思いますが、それらをRaspberry Piにつなげることが可能です。センサーをつなげる際にブレッドボードなど一緒に必要になってくると思うので、購入を考えてる方はまとめ売りされているもの購入することによって手間が省けます。
サーバー構築
サーバーと言ってもたくさん種類があると思います。
- Minecraftサーバー
- メディアサーバー
- 録画サーバー
- Webサーバー
- VPNサーバー
などなど。
Raspberry Piも普通のコンピューターと遜色ないので、これらのサーバー構築をRaspberry Piでも行うことが可能です。消費電力と値段は安めなので、これからサーバー構築の勉強がしたいなどの方にはぴったりだと思います。
自作ルーター
ネットワークに詳しくなりたい方ですと、ルーターを自作して学ぶという人もいると思います。そんな時に、Raspberry Piがあれば自作ルーターが安価に構築できてしまいます。
Raspberry PiにはNIC（LANポート）が1つしかありませんので、別途USB⇔有線LANのコネクタが必要になってきます。
Raspberry Pi本体とコネクタで自作ルーターの勉強ができるので、ぜひオススメです。
クラスター化
クラスター（Cluster）は「房」「集団」「群れ」の意味。ネットワークに接続した複数のコンピューターを連携して1つのコンピューターシステムに統合し、処理や運用を効率化するシステムのこと。コンピューター同士は、ディスク装置の情報を物理的・論理的に共有するが、メモリー上の情報は共有しない。
https://www.otsuka-shokai.co.jp/words/cluster.html
Raspberry Piを複数台そろえれば、クラスターだって構築できてしまいます。正直Raspberry Piでクラスタ構築は実用的よりロマンが勝っている感じがします。
複数台のRaspberry Pi をネットワークに接続させることによって、負荷が高い処理の分散処理などが可能です。
Web、バックエンド、インフラエンジニアの方であれば耳にするであろう、KubernetesクラスタもRaspberry Piで構築することができます。おうちk8sと呼ばれてたりします。ノード自体が安価なのでスケールアウトしやすいという面で、k8sと親和性が高い印象です。
ノートPC化
これは結構ニッチな部類だと思いますが、ノートPC化できちゃったりします。
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